Wild Neutron: Mysterious Cyber-espionage Actor Returns with New Tricks and Victims

Woburn, MA – July 8, 2015 - In 2013, a hacker group known to Kaspersky Lab as “Wild Neutron” (also known as “Jripbot” and “Morpho”) attacked several high profile companies including Apple, Facebook, Twitter and Microsoft. After the incident was widely publicized, the threat actor went dark for almost a year. In late 2013 and early 2014, the attacks resumed and have continued in 2015. The actor uses a stolen valid code verification certificate and an unknown Flash Player exploit to infect companies and private users around the world and steal sensitive business information.

Kaspersky Lab researchers were able to identify targets of Wild Neutron in 11 countries and territories, including France, Russia, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Palestine, Slovenia, Kazakhstan, UAE, Algeria and the United States. They include:

• Law firms
• Bitcoin-related companies
• Investment companies
• Groups of large companies often involved in M&A deals
• IT companies
• Healthcare companies
• Real estate companies
• Individual users

The focus of the attacks suggests that this is not a nation-state sponsored actor. However, the use of zero-days, multi-platform malware as well as other techniques makes Kaspersky Lab researchers believe it’s a powerful entity engaged in espionage, possibly for economic reasons.

The attack

The initial infection vector of the recent attacks is still unknown, although there are clear indications that victims are exploited by a kit that leverages an unknown Flash Player exploit through compromised websites. The exploit delivers a malware dropper package to the victim.

In the attacks observed by Kaspersky Lab researchers, the dropper was signed with a legitimate code verification certificate. The use of certificates allows malware to avoid detection by some protection solutions. The certificate used in the Wild Neutron attacks appears to be stolen from a popular manufacturer of consumer electronics. The certificate is now being revoked.

After getting in the system, the dropper installs the main backdoor.

In terms of functionality, the main backdoor is no different to many other Remote Access Tools (RATs). What really stands out is the attacker’s care in hiding the command and control server (C&C) address and its ability to recover from a C&C shutdown. The command and control server is an important part of the malicious infrastructure as it serves as a “home base” for the malware deployed on victims’ machines. Special measures built into the malware help the attackers to protect the infrastructure from any possible C&C-takedowns.

Mysterious origin

The origin of the attackers remains a mystery. In some of the samples, the encrypted configuration includes the string “La revedere” (“Good bye” in Romanian) to mark the end of the C&C communication. In addition to that, Kaspersky Lab researchers have found another non-English string which is the Latin transcription of the Russian word “Успешно” ("uspeshno" -> "successfully").

“Wild Neutron is a skilled and quite versatile group. Active since 2011, it has been using at least one zero-day exploit, custom malware and tools for Windows and OS X. Even though in the past it has attacked some of the most prominent companies in the world, it has managed to keep a relatively low profile via solid operational security which has so far eluded most attribution efforts. The group’s targeting of major IT companies, spyware developers (FlexiSPY), jihadist forums (the “Ansar Al-Mujahideen English Forum”) and Bitcoin companies indicate a flexible yet unusual mindset and interests,” - said Costin Raiu, Director Global Research and Analysis Team at Kaspersky Lab.

Kaspersky Lab products successfully detect and block the malware used by the Wild Neutron threat actor with the following detection names:

Trojan.Win32.WildNeutron.gen,

Trojan.Win32.WildNeutron.*,

Trojan.Win32.JripBot.*,

Trojan.Win32.Generic

To learn more about the Wild Neutron hacker group, please read the blog post available at Securelist.com.

How GReAT works: http://youtu.be/FzPYGRO9LsA

More information about the Wild Neutron attribution is available to Kaspersky Intelligence Services customers.  Contact: intelreports@kaspersky.com

About Kaspersky Lab

Kaspersky Lab is one of the world’s fastest-growing cybersecurity companies and the largest that is privately-owned. The company is ranked among the world’s top four vendors of security solutions for endpoint users (IDC, 2014). Since 1997 Kaspersky Lab has been an innovator in cybersecurity and provides effective digital security solutions and threat intelligence for large enterprises, SMBs and consumers. Kaspersky Lab is an international company, operating in almost 200 countries and territories across the globe, providing protection for over 400 million users worldwide.

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Media Contact
Sarah Kitsos 
781.503.2615
sarah.kitsos@kaspersky.com